Journal of Physical Education and Sport

Abstract

This study focused on sports teams' unity with the aim of regrouping and developing sports group research, particularly group cohesiveness research, in Japan.We evaluated the unity of sports teams (Study I) and examined factors related to unity (Study II), through the following 2 studies.In Study I, we developed a Unity Scale for Sports Teams (USST) that was completed by 1,001 student athletes from 13 different types of sports.In the results, USST had a two-factor (i.e., "Integration for the group" and "Commitment") and consisted of eight items, based on Forsyth's (2006, 2010) model.Additionally, it was confirmed this scale's reliability and validity, the scale was shown to have high versatility.In Study II, we examined the unity of sports teams on the basis of athletes' (participants') attributes, as well as examining the relationship with group size.In the results, the USST scores of high school athletes were higher than university athletes, and the regular and semi-regular athletes were higher than non-regular athletes.Also, there was negative correlation between USST scores and group size.Therefore, these results indicated that the perception of unity of a sports team differs depending on schools and roles within the team, and that it is negatively correlated with group size.

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