Hippocrates' Latin American Legacy: Humoral Medicine in the New World.

Abstract

respectively, on sixteenth-century theological writings concerning the indigenous soul and on the influences that forged Spanish Catholicism in the Americas.Part 3 examines patterns of postconquest religious syncretism in the three core areas.J. Jorge Klor de Alva explores the Nahuatization of Christianity, and Louise M. Burkhart analyzes the early history of the cult of the Virgin of Guada lupe and the roles of its Indian worshipers.Eugenio Maurer Avalos and Manuel Gutierrez examine Maya-Christian syncretism in essays on the Tzeltal of high land Chiapas and the lowland Yucatec Maya, addressing controversies over the ethnohistory of contemporary religious beliefs and practices.Jan Szeminski studies the syncretic religious ideology of the famous late eighteenth-century Andean revitalistic insurrection led by Tupac Amaru.The essays in part 4 constitute ethnographic descriptions of four contempo rary "little traditions" that display little or no European influence (the Huichol of western Mexico, the Lacandon Maya of Chiapas, the Mapuche of Chile, and the Bribri of Costa Bica).In part 5, several authors document the coexistence of recent or alternative spiritualities with national religious traditions.These essays include a description of the history and present form of the Afro-Caribbean Santeria or Orisha religion by Julio Sanchez Cardenas, and a rather partisan examination by David G. Scotchmer of the Guatemalan Maya as a case study for understanding the causes and effects of the recent rapid expansion of Latin American Protestantism.Latin American colonial historians and ethnohistorians will find stimulating ideas and interpretations in the essays by Frost, Marzal (on transplanted Span ish Catholicism), Klor de Alva, Burkhart, and Szeminski.With certain exceptions (essays by Didier Boremanse, Carlos Bodriguez Brandao, Gossen, Sanchez Car denas, and Scotchmer), most of the ethnographic contributions provide little his torical or contemporary contextualization.But Gossen has assembled a generally strong international roster of contributors, most of whom are anthropologists.The translations, prepared by various individuals including the editor, are excellent.The volume's useful general bibliography, chapter bibliographies, and good bal ance of scholarship and readability will make it particularly valuable as a teaching resource.

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