Exotic Nations

Abstract

16 Ant6nio CAndido's blunt statement that there is no such thing as an absolute speci ficity of (Latin) American literatures usefully clears the ground ("O olhar critico," p. 141).See also Kwame Anthony Appiah, "The Myth of an African World, " in In My Fa ther's HouFiÖ.11 Appiah uses the phrase to name the pressure of non-African definitions of Africa which need to be avoided or exorcised with every reference to Africa and in every encounter between it and what is outside of it.Edward Said's Orienta/ism sees Euro pean power as inescapably informing and deforming the "orientals'" very vision of themselves.211 Capistrano de Abreu's swift, nervous history of colonial Brazil, Cap(tulos de hist6ria colonial, 1500-1800, mentions Ramalho, the first colonist established where 5ao Paulo was then founded, without further comment or explanation; he assumes that every one will know about this adventurous person, whose huts, together with those of "his half-Indian, half-Portuguese sons and relatives, . . .announced the victory over the coastal forests, obtained earlier here than anywhere else in Brazil" (p.85).din in the same privileged space as Socrates (Orientalism, pp.68-6c)) looks to me more like a recognition of "Oriental" merit than a denial of "Oriental" autonomy.24 Hulme believes that Europe creates the cannibal, eater of human flesh, out of its unspeakable horror of the implications of the Eucharist.We shall see that the similar ity presented itself to the Brazilian novelist Jose de Alencar.25 Antonio Candido discusses these ideological transformations at greater length and depth in "Literatura e subdesenvolvimento," esp.pp.140-43.26 This literary, cultural, and artistic movement of the 1920s is a radicalization of Brazilian modernism as introduced by the "Modern Art Week" of 1922; it will be discussed later.

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