Health Literacy, Socioeconomic Status and Vaccination Uptake: A Study on Influenza Vaccination in a Population-Based Sample

Patrizio Zanobini · Chiara Lorini · Saverio Caini · Vieri Lastrucci · Maria Masocco · Valentina Minardi +4 more

18 citations0/0 files storedInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

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Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy Health Literacy and Information Accessibility Public Health and Social Inequalities

Abstract

Background: Health Literacy (HL) has been recently hypothesized to affect the relationship between socio-economic status (SES) and health conditions. However, to date no study has yet assessed the potential contribution of HL in the pathway through which SES affects influenza vaccination status. We aim to examine the relationships among HL, SES factors, and influenza vaccination uptake in Tuscan (Italy) residents belonging to different high-risk groups (HRGs) for influenza. Methods: The study was performed within the Tuscan population sample selected in the Italian Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System in 2017−2018. HL was assessed using the Italian version of the 6-items European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire (HLS-EU-Q6). Mediation analyses were conducted using SES variables as independent variables, influenza vaccination status as dependent variable and HL as mediator variable. Results: A total of 3278 people belonged to HRGs for influenza. In the whole sample, 19.4% of the participants were vaccinated against influenza. Participants who were not employed or had a poor financial status were more likely to be vaccinated against influenza (OR 1.56, 95%CI 1.26−1.94, p < 0.001, and OR 1.21, 95%CI 1.00−1.48, p = 0.047 respectively). HL did not mediate the relationship of any of the independent variables with influenza vaccination status. Conclusions: Some SES determinants resulted to influence influenza vaccination uptake, while HL did not affect the likelihood of influenza vaccination uptake among HRGs. Universal health care systems, as in the case of Italy, offering influenza vaccination free of charge to HRGs help in reducing inequalities and mitigating HL demands.

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References

2013Vaccine hesitancy 2002Socioeconomic Disparities In Health: Pathways And Policies 2012WHO European review of social determinants of health and the health divide 2012The persistence of health inequalities in modern welfare states: The explanation of a paradox 2015Vaccine Hesitancy: Clarifying a Theoretical Framework for an Ambiguous Notion 2015Vaccine Hesitancy Among General Practitioners and Its Determinants During Controversies: A National Cross-sectional Survey in France 2013Social determinants of health and seasonal influenza vaccination in adults ≥65 years: a systematic review of qualitative and quantitative data 2017Health literacy and vaccination: A systematic review

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