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ABSTRACT Since 2015, the issue revolving around the strategic development company 1Malaysia Development Berhad (1MDB) in the press and social media platform Facebook has caused public dissatisfaction with the country’s leadership. Therefore, this sociolinguistic study aims to analyse the use of negative language by Facebook users on the issue. The data was obtained from posts made by mainstream and pro-opposition media on Facebook. The researchers then used the qualitative descriptive method, coupled with the ethnography of communication approach proposed by Dell Hymes (1972), to describe the variety of negative languages introduced by Asmah Haji Omar (1987). Results showed the existence of three elements in the negative language used when discussing the issue of 1MDB, namely colloquial language (bahasa basahan), incorrect language use (bahasa pasar) and vulgarities (bahasa mencarut). The study also found that most adults and adolescent males neglected language decency when commenting, which could destroy their identities. Additionally, the sentiments on Facebook were found to have influenced the lexical choices of its users, which now contained negativity. The researchers hope that this study could uncover the issue of negative language use in the community and make them realise the increasing marginalisation of politeness during communication, consequently affecting the solidarity of people in the country. Keywords: 1MDB, etnography of communication, language variety, negative language, politeness ABSTRAK Isu penyelewengan 1 Malaysia Development Berhad (1MDB) dibincangkan melalui akhbar dan Facebook sejak 2015 hingga kini telah mengundang perasaan tidak puas hati masyarakat terhadap pemimpin-pemimpin negara. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penggunaan aspek bahasa yang berunsur negatif oleh pengguna media sosial Facebook. Data-data kajian diperoleh daripada media arus perdana dan propembangkang yang telah membuat hantaran di media sosial Facebook. Pengkaji menggunakan kaedah kualitatif deskriptif dan menggunakan pendekatan Etnografi Komunikasi Dell Hymes (1972) untuk menghuraikan ragam bahasa negatif yang diperkenalkan oleh Asmah Haji Omar (1987). Kajian ini mendapati bahawa wujud tiga unsur bahasa negatif berkaitan isu 1MDB, iaitu bahasa basahan, bahasa pasar dan bahasa mencarut dalam platform media sosial Facebook. Kajian ini turut mendapati bahawa kebanyakan golongan dewasa dan remaja lelaki telah mengabaikan nilai kesantunan berbahasa, sekali gus melunturkan jati diri mereka ketika memberi komen kepada hantaran isu 1MDB ini. Selain itu, sentimen yang dibangkitkan dalam media sosial telah mempengaruhi pemilihan leksikal pengguna media sosial Facebook yang mengandungi unsur negatif. Kajian ini diharap dapat menjadi medium untuk mendedahkan masalah penggunaan bahasa negatif dalam kalangan masyarakat, di samping dapat menyedarkan masyarakat tentang kesantunan berbahasa yang semakin diketepikan sehingga melunturkan perpaduan rakyat di negara ini. Kata Kunci: 1MDB, etnografi komunikasi, ragam bahasa, bahasa negatif, kesantunan.
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