Reviewgold2022

Estimating the global health impact of gender-based violence and violence against children: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol

Cory N Spencer · María José Baeza · Jaidev Kaur Chandan · Alexandra N Debure · Molly E Herbert · Teresa E. Jewell +6 more

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Intimate Partner and Family Violence Child Abuse and Trauma Sexual Assault and Victimization Studies

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Exposure to gender-based violence (GBV) and violence against children (VAC) can result in substantial morbidity and mortality. Previous reviews of health outcomes associated with GBV and VAC have focused on limited definitions of exposure to violence (ie, intimate partner violence) and often investigate associations only with predefined health outcomes. In this protocol, we describe a systematic review and meta-analysis for a comprehensive assessment of the impact of violence exposure on health outcomes and health-related risk factors across the life-course. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: Electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Global Index Medicus, Cochrane and Web of Science Core Collection) will be searched from 1 January 1970 to 30 September 2021 and searches updated to the current date prior to final preparation of results. Reviewers will first screen titles and abstracts, and eligible articles will then be full-text screened and accepted should they meet all inclusion criteria. Data will be extracted using a standardised form with fields to capture study characteristics and estimates of association between violence exposure and health outcomes. Individual study quality will be assessed via six risk of bias criteria. For exposure-outcome pairs with sufficient data, evidence will be synthesised via a meta-regression-Bayesian, regularised, trimmed model and confidence in the cumulative evidence assessed via the burden of proof risk function. Where possible, variations in associations by subgroup, that is, age, sex or gender, will be explored. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Formal ethical approval is not required. Findings from this review will be used to inform improved estimation of GBV and VAC within the Global Burden of Disease Study. The review has been undertaken in conjunction with the Lancet Commission on GBV and the Maltreatment of Young People with the aim of providing new data insights for a report on the global response to violence. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42022299831.

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References

1997Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test 2015Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement 2014The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for Assessing the Quality of Nonrandomised Studies in Meta-Analyses 1990Child abuse: Adolescent records vs. adult recall 2017The effect of multiple adverse childhood experiences on health: a systematic review and meta-analysis 2020Synthesis without meta-analysis (SWiM) in systematic reviews: reporting guideline 2008Burden and consequences of child maltreatment in high-income countries 2011GRADE guidelines: 4. Rating the quality of evidence—study limitations (risk of bias)

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