Identifying eating disorders in adolescents and adults with overweight or obesity: A systematic review of screening questionnaires

Eve T. House · Natalie B. Lister · Anna Lene Seidler · Haozhen Li · Wee Yee Ong · Caitlin M. McMaster +2 more

62 citations0/0 files storedInternational Journal of Eating Disorders

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Eating Disorders and Behaviors Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: This review aimed to examine the validity of self-report screening questionnaires for identifying eating disorder (ED) risk in adults and adolescents with overweight/obesity. METHOD: Five databases were searched from inception to September 2020 for studies assessing validation of self-report ED screening questionnaires against diagnostic interviews in adolescents and adults with overweight/obesity. The review was registered with PROSPERO (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=220013). RESULTS: Twenty-seven papers examining 15 questionnaires were included. Most studies validated questionnaires for adults (22 of 27 studies), and most questionnaires (12 of 15) screened for binge eating or binge-eating disorder (BED). The Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (sensitivity = .16-.88, specificity = .62-1.0) and Questionnaire on Eating and Weight Patterns (sensitivity = .07-1.0, specificity = .0-1.0) were most frequently validated (six studies each). Five studies of three questionnaires were in adolescents, with the Adolescent Binge-Eating Disorder Questionnaire having highest sensitivity (1.0) but lower specificity (.27). Questionnaires designed to screen for BED generally had higher diagnostic accuracy than those screening for EDs in general. DISCUSSION: Questionnaires have been well validated to identify BED in adults with overweight/obesity. Validated screening tools to identify other EDs in adults and any ED in adolescents with overweight/obesity are lacking. Thus, clinical assessment should inform the identification of patients with co-morbid EDs and overweight/obesity. PUBLIC SIGNIFICANCE: Individuals with overweight/obesity are at increased risk of EDs. This review highlights literature gaps regarding screening for ED risk in this vulnerable group. This work presents possibilities for improving care of individuals with overweight/obesity by reinventing ED screening tools to be better suited to diverse populations.

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References

2021The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews 1994Assessment of eating disorders: Interview or self‐report questionnaire?2006The Prevalence and Correlates of Eating Disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication 1982The Eating Attitudes Test: psychometric features and clinical correlates 2020Synthesis without meta-analysis (SWiM) in systematic reviews: reporting guideline 1982The assessment of binge eating severity among obese persons 2018Prevalence of eating disorders over the 2000–2018 period: a systematic literature review 1999The SCOFF questionnaire: assessment of a new screening tool for eating disorders

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