Die Transformationskraft von Realexperimenten für die Mobilitätswende in der Stadt: Wie temporär autofreie Zonen Innenstädte nachhaltig und klimagerecht verändern

Abstract

Wie kann eine klimagerechte Stadt in Zukunft aussehen? Ziele für diese Zukunft sind in zahlreichen Klimagesetzen und Klimaschutzplänen formuliert, aber der Weg dahin ist überwiegend unklar. Realexperimente in Form von temporär autofreien Zonen können Wege zu einer klimaverträglichen Gestaltung von Städten weisen.To reduce CO2 emissions to a sufficient extent, transformations are needed that have an impact and inspire people to imagine different futures. Real-life experiments (e. g., temporary car-free zones) are seen as a suitable instrument to induce transformation and to contribute to the mobility transition. Through a literature review on transformative research and the empirical case analysis of two temporary car-free zones in Hamburg, Germany, the transformative effect of real-life experiments was investigated. In this article, the history and evolution of experimental practice in urban spaces is described and four types of car-free zones are introduced. The analysis demonstrates that real-life experiments are drivers of transformation. A newly developed ideal-typical process, consisting of eight steps for initiating and planning temporary car-free zones is presented. It is aimed at helping practitioners design such zones to optimize their transformational power for sustainable urban development.

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