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Subject/topic. The article is devoted to the study of the enlargement of regions and the governance of the country at the level of federal districts. Methodology. In the process of developing the article, general scientific methods (retrospective and chronological analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction) and special graphoanalytic methods were used. Results. Based on the results of the scientific research, an overview of modern approaches to the enlargement of regions and their management at the level of federal districts, methodological approaches to calculating the asymmetry of the development of federal districts were presented, the features of the territorial structure of the country were described, analysis and calculations on the asymmetry of the development of federal districts in terms of GRP (gross regional product) and fixed capital investment were carried out, and a graphical analysis of the average per capita monetary expenditures of the population of Russia Conclusions/significance was presented. It is established that as a result of cardinal transformations of the formation of federal districts (not 8 and 15, but maybe up to 50), to make the public administration system more stable and optimal from the point of view of public spending, reliable from the point of view of national and economic security of the country. At the same time, it makes sense to attribute the following to the criteria for the formation of a new system for the formation of federal districts: self-sufficient in order to ensure the average Russian budget security, and at the same time maintain a conditioned dependence on the federal center; the ability to maintain internal institutional unity within the framework of the single economic space of the country; to preserve the existing system of territorial and industrial management; to ensure overcoming asymmetries in the socio-economic development of the territory and the level and quality of life of the population as a whole. The results of the scientific research will be useful both in the development and implementation of regional policy, and to specialists, civil servants who plan to improve the territorial structure of the single economic space of Russia in the indefinite future.
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