Urbanization Process in Turkey and Examination of the Relationship between the GDP Data of Provinces and the Migration Rates of Provinces by Clustering Analysis

Abstract

Migration is a concept as old as human history. Large-scale migrations have occurred in every period of human history. There are many economic, social, political and legal reasons behind migration movements. It is known that economic reasons are the most determining factors in the occurrence of migration. Generally, the direction of migration is from rural to urban, underdeveloped regions to developed regions, east to west in Turkey. Population is largely concentrated in cities. Cities with a high level of economic development are the cities with the most populous population. While many socio-economic indicators can be used to reveal the level of economic development, an evaluation can also be made based on the GDP data of the provinces, which is considered as a combination of these indicators. In the study, a statistical significance relationship is sought between migration data and GDP data of the provinces. The analysis method used is the cluster analysis. According to the results, the basic hypothesis of the study is confirmed at a rate of 79%. That means, the provinces with high GDP levels receive immigration, while the provinces with low GDP emigrate.

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