COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance and Its Determinants among Migrants in Germany—Results of a Cross-Sectional Study

Amand Führer · Latife Pacolli · Yüce Yılmaz-Aslan · Patrick Brzoska

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Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research COVID-19 and Mental Health

Abstract

Vaccinations are a core element of infection control. Migrants have been reported to have low vaccination rates for many infectious diseases, including COVID-19. Still, determinants of migrants' uptake of COVID-19 vaccinations are not sufficiently clear. The present study addresses this gap and examines the respective influence of three potential determinants: barriers to access, attitude towards vaccinations in general, and towards COVID-19 vaccines. The study uses a cross-sectional online survey among migrants in Germany. The questionnaire assessed the aforementioned determinants using standardized tools. Information on 204 individuals was available. The vaccination rate in the sample was 80%. Vaccinated as compared to unvaccinated respondents reported more often the absence of financial barriers (71% (95%CI: 64-73%) vs. 45% (95%CI: 28-63%)), short waiting times (51% (95%CI: 43-59%) vs. 22% (95%CI: 5-38%)), and the presence of a vaccination center close-by (91.5% (95%CI: 87-96%) vs. 69.7% (95%CI: 54-85%)). Concerning COVID-19 vaccine acceptance, the majority of respondents (68%) agreed that the vaccine is important. Unvaccinated respondents more often feared side effects, were convinced that the vaccine is not safe, and assumed that COVID-19 is not dangerous. Correspondingly, acceptance of vaccinations in general was higher among vaccinated respondents. In line with findings from previous studies, our survey found that all three determinants seem to influence migrants' vaccination status while their overall vaccination rate was comparable to the general population. Hence, migration background per se does not sufficiently explain vaccine acceptance and further research is needed to identify subgroups of migrants that should be specifically addressed to increase their vaccination rate.

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References

2021Measuring the impact of COVID-19 vaccine misinformation on vaccination intent in the UK and USA 2020Once we have it, will we use it? A European survey on willingness to be vaccinated against COVID-19 2021Predictors of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in the UK household longitudinal study 2021COVID-19 and vaccine hesitancy: A longitudinal study 2021Vaccination against COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis of acceptability and its predictors 2017Vaccinations in migrants and refugees: a challenge for European health systems. A systematic review of current scientific evidence 2021Ethnic differences in SARS-CoV-2 vaccine hesitancy in United Kingdom healthcare workers: Results from the UK-REACH prospective nationwide cohort study 2021What must be done to tackle vaccine hesitancy and barriers to COVID-19 vaccination in migrants?

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2023Codesigning an intervention to strengthen COVID-19 vaccine uptake in Congolese migrants in the UK (LISOLO MALAMU): a participatory qualitative study protocol

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