Analyzing the spatial determinants of dockless e-scooter & e-bike trips across four U.S. cities

Hannah Younes · Giovanni Baiocchi

26 citations0/0 files storedInternational Journal of Sustainable Transportation

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Urban Transport and Accessibility Transportation Planning and Optimization Transportation and Mobility Innovations

Abstract

In this study, we examine micromobility usage across four U.S. metropolitan areas, comprising over 3 million people. As micromobility increases in popularity and becomes incorporated in policies and city planning, it is important to understand how disadvantaged and underserved communities utilize shared micromobility options. Underserved communities typically have the lowest access to transportation options and thus, opportunities to jobs, health care, and food. While micromobility has the potential to increase opportunities in low-income areas, it is unclear how people in low-income and high minority areas use these options. Using publicly available API data, we analyze how e-scooters and e-bikes are employed in Los Angeles, Washington, D.C., Detroit, and Louisville. We find that the built environment had a strong impact on both the number of trips within a census block group (CBG) and the duration of those trips. Specifically, pedestrian-friendly intersections (e.g. low-speed roads, bicycle and pedestrian trails) generated more trips than automobile oriented facilities. Presence of fixed transportation and percentage of households with one or less cars had a strong and positive impact on the number of trips. The proportion of minorities and percentage of low-wage employment in a CBG are both negatively associated with trips in all four cities. The results suggest that existing efforts to promote shared micromobility usage in minority and low-income communities may not be sufficient. Designing pedestrian and bicycle-oriented streets, increasing public outreach and promoting access, and enforcing equity zones could increase shared micromobility usage in low-income and minority areas.

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References

1992The Analysis of Spatial Association by Use of Distance Statistics 2003Statistical and Econometric Methods for Transportation Data Analysis 2009Commuting by Bicycle: An Overview of the Literature 2013Research Commentary —Too Big to Fail: Large Samples and the p -Value Problem 2015Bikeshare: A Review of Recent Literature 2018Understanding the usage of dockless bike sharing in Singapore 2015The Promise of the Sharing Economy among Disadvantaged Communities 2016Beyond Technology: Demand-Side Solutions for Climate Change Mitigation

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