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Abstract. This paper discusses the practice of sexual violence perpetrated by religious leaders such as ustadz, gus, or kyai against santriwati (female students) in Islamic boarding schools. The occurrence of several cases of sexual violence in Islamic boarding schools shows an urgency to be handled immediately, considering that sexual violence cases are still an iceberg phenomenon that is still rarely revealed, not reported, not reported, or even often covered up. With the literature review research method, the researcher dissects the pattern that is often used by religious leaders in committing sexual violence and how the impact is experienced by the victims (santriwati). As a result, in this study there are two general patterns used by religious leaders as a tool to commit sexual violence in Islamic boarding schools. First, the existence of a patriarchal culture that is eternal and has been institutionalized in the pesantren environment through the curriculum, learning materials, Islamic narratives which are often interpreted textually by the kyai, as well as the application of the concept of total santri obedience to the kyai which actually makes the position of santri, especially female students (santriwati) are at a disadvantage and have no bargaining power. Second, there is an unequal power relationship between the kyai and the santri. This can then normalize or even perpetuate the occurrence of sexual violence through abuse of authority. The impact experienced by victims/survivors (santriwati) of sexual violence is very deep, in which they have to suffer physically, psychologically, theologically, and sociologically. Abstrak. Paper ini membahas mengenai praktik kekerasan seksual yang dilakukan oleh pemuka agama seperti ustadz, gus, atau kyai terhadap santriwati (santri perempuan) di pesantren. Terjadinya beberapa kasus kekerasan seksual di pesantren menunjukkan adanya urgensi agar segera ditangani, mengingat kasus kekerasan seksual masih menjadi fenomena gunung es yang masih jarang terungkap, tidak diadukan, tidak dilaporkan, atau bahkan seringkali ditutup-tutupi. Dengan metode penelitian literatur review, peneliti membedah bagaimana pola yang seringkali dilakukan oleh pemuka agama dalam melakukan kekerasan seksual serta bagaimana dampak yang dialami oleh korban (santriwati). Hasilnya, dalam penelitian ini terdapat dua pola secara umum yang digunakan oleh pemuka agama sebagai alat untuk melakukan kekerasan seksual di pesantren. Yang pertama, adanya budaya patriarki yang abadi dan telah terlembagakan di lingkungan pesantren melalui kurikulum, materi pembelajaran, narasi keislaman yang seringkali ditafsirkan secara tekstual oleh kyai, serta penerapan konsep kepatuhan total santri terhadap kyai yang justru membuat posisi santri terutama santriwati (santri perempuan) berada pada posisi yang tidak diuntungkan dan tidak memiliki daya tawar. Yang kedua, adanya relasi kuasa yang timpang antara kyai dengan santri. Hal tersebut yang kemudian dapat menormalisasi atau bahkan melanggengkan terjadinya kekerasan seksual melalui penyalahgunaan otoritas yang dimiliki. Adapun dampak yang dialami oleh para korban/penyintas (santriwati) kekerasan seksual sangatlah mendalam, yang mana mereka harus menderita secara fisik, psikis, teologis, dan secara sosiologis.
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