KAJIAN BENTUK POLA PERSEBARAN PERMUKIMAN PESISIR DI KECAMATAN MORO, KEPULAUAN RIAU

Abstract

Studi ini mengkaji bentuk pola persebaran permukiman pesisir di Kecamatan Moro, Kepulauan Riau, khususnya di bagian selatan Pulau Sugi Bawah. Hal ini dikarenakan kondisi wilayahnya yang semakin padat dengan pembangunan yang cenderung tidak beraturan, beresiko menurunkan kualitas permukiman yang ada di sana, dan merusak lingkungan sekitar. Padahal Kecamatan Moro dikenal kaya akan kearifan lokal kuliner, seni, dan budaya. Dengan menggunakan metode interpretasi visual dari gambaran muka bumi (Google Earth), studi kualitatif deskriptif ini menemukan bahwa terdapat dua bentuk pola persebaran antara lain pola memanjang dan pola lompatan katak. Sebagai pola utama, pola memanjang dapat ditemukan di sepanjang zona perbatasan darat dan air, serta di beberapa wilayah pada zona daratan. Sedangkan pola lompatan katak hanya ditemukan di beberapa titik lokasi pada zona daratan. Walaupun dinilai tidak efektif, pola tersebut memungkinkan adanya ruang-ruang terbuka di kawasan permukiman dan berpotensi menjadi katalis pembangunan di area lain yang belum padat. Terbentuknya kedua pola tersebut di permukiman pesisir ini dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor seperti mata pencaharian penduduk yang menuntut kemudahan akses terhadap perairan, kedekatan dengan pelabuhan, kemudahan akses terhadap jalan utama atau sekunder, dan keinginan dari penduduknya sendiri.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------This study analyses the distribution pattern of coastal settlements in Moro District, Riau Islands, particularly in the southern part of Sugi Bawah Island. It is because the condition of the area is increasingly dense with the development that tends to be irregular and at risk of reducing the quality of the settlements, as well as damaging the surrounding environment. Whereas Moro District is known to be rich in local wisdom such as culinary, art, and culture. By using the visual interpretation method of the earth's surface (Google Earth), this descriptive qualitative study found that there are two forms of distribution patterns, namely linear pattern and leap frog pattern. As the main pattern, the linear development pattern can be found along the land and water boundary zones, as well as in some areas of the land zone. Meanwhile, the leap frog pattern was only found in a few locations in the mainland zone. Although considered ineffective, this pattern allows for open spaces in the settlement areas and has the potential to be a catalyst for development in other areas that are not yet crowded. The formation of these two patterns in coastal settlements was likely influenced by several factors such as the livelihoods of the residents who demand easy access to waters, proximity to ports, easy access to main or secondary roads, and the wishes of the residents themselves.

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