The Indonesian version of Ages and Stages Questionnaire III accuracy compared to Bayley Scales of Infant Development III

Abstract

Abstract Identifying children with developmental disabilities is critical in providing early intervention services. This study aimed to evaluate the concurrent validity information of the 24‐, 30‐, and 36‐month Indonesian Ages and Stages Questionnaires third edition (ASQ‐3) with Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development 3rd Edition (BSID‐III) in Indonesian children. Children living in Tanah Tinggi subdistrict, Central Jakarta, within the 24‐, 30‐, or 36‐month age group, were assessed for Indonesian ASQ‐3 concurrently with BSID‐III. Screening test accuracy was measured in sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values for both overall dan specific domains. A total of 131 children were included as study participants. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value (NPV) for 24‐, 30‐, and 36‐ month ASQ‐3 questionnaires were 80.6%, 69.5%, 50%, and 90.4%, respectively. Age‐specific sensitivity and specificity were 72.7%–84.6% and 59.4%–79.4%, with accuracy increasing from 65.9% at 24‐month to 77.8% at 36‐month. The accuracy in detecting language delay (88.5%) is higher than cognitive delay (77.9%) and motor delay (64.1%). ASQ‐3 overall and age‐specific sensitivities were good enough, given they were above 70%. The 36‐month questionnaire had the best accuracy. A high NPV supports using the ASQ‐3 Indonesian version to exclude developmental delay. Highlights Indonesian ASQ‐3 questionnaires can identify children at risk for developmental delay and undergo early intervention. Likelihood ratios calculation revealed findings of developmental delay using Indonesian ASQ‐3 questionnaires increases the probability of developmental delay detection by around 22%. Indonesian ASQ‐3 questionnaires for 24‐, 30‐, and 36‐ month age groups generated good sensitivity and accuracy for developmental screening. Indonesian ASQ‐3 can be used as first‐stage screening following the MCHH surveillance tool, particularly at 24‐, 30‐, and 36‐ months.

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