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In recent years there has been an expansion of academic interest in the nature of the transition from white indentured servitude to black slavery as the dominant labor base of the English New World colonies during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. In 1627, William Courteen and Associates, a London merchant company, began the colonization of Barbados. During 1641/42, both cotton and indigo prices fell sharply on the London market, and planters, responding to this crisis, in 1643 began to experiment seriously with the cultivation of sugar cane. The dominant traditional interpretation for the transition from white indentureship to black slavery in the West Indies is the climatic theory, which stressed the physical inability of whites, and the ability of blacks to work efficiently on tropical plantations.
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