Looking through a Prism: A Systematic Review of LGBTQ+ STEM Literature

Abstract

Research involving lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer, as well as individuals who identify with other gender and sexual minorities (LGBTQ+), make up a small, yet meaningful, amount of published work within science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) literature. This review of LGBTQ+ STEM literature from January 2009 to June 2022 describes the dissemination, theoretical frameworks, and research findings of 139 works to better understand the current trends. LGBTQ+ STEM research and publications have increased in recent years, and the locations in which these works are published continues to grow. Much of the literature is disseminated without the use of an explicit framework. However, when frameworks were included, critical theories were the most common. Findings from this review show that the current climate and culture in STEM leads to exclusionary behavior and marginalization of LGBTQ+ individuals, which can be mitigated through visibility such as including role models, implementing policies to protect LGBTQ+ individuals, and learning more about the intersection of STEM and LGBTQ+ identity. Current trends in LGBTQ+ STEM literature will inspire and inform researchers and allies who aim to improve academia and industry for LGBTQ+ chemists and help create inclusive and welcoming environments.

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