Articlegreen2023

Loneliness and social anxiety in young adults: The moderating and mediating roles of emotion dysregulation, depression and social isolation risk

Robert Eres · Michelle H. Lim · Glen William Bates

38 citations0/0 files storedPsychology and Psychotherapy Theory Research and Practice

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Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development Health disparities and outcomes

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: We aimed to investigate the mechanisms underlying loneliness, social anxiety, depression and emotion dysregulation, as well as how these relationships differ based on social isolation risk. DESIGN: We employed an online survey study to measure variables cross-sectionally. METHODS: = 21.52, SD = 2.32) participants completed measures of loneliness, social isolation risk, social anxiety, depression and emotion dysregulation. A moderated serial mediation model was conducted to determine whether emotion dysregulation and depression jointly mediate the relationship between loneliness and social anxiety and to determine whether these relationships are moderated by risk of social isolation. RESULTS: Loneliness was found to predict social anxiety and was mediated by emotion dysregulation and depression both independently and combined. Participants with a low risk of social isolation were found to be protected against poor mental health. CONCLUSIONS: Our studies replicate previous findings showing a relationship between loneliness and social anxiety. We also extend current knowledge to show the importance of social contact for protecting against elevated levels of social anxiety and depression. Overall, we provide empirical evidence for the role of social connection in managing mental health symptoms.

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References

1977The CES-D Scale 1998The Emerging Field of Emotion Regulation: An Integrative Review 2015Loneliness and Social Isolation as Risk Factors for Mortality 2015Emotion Regulation: Current Status and Future Prospects 1996UCLA Loneliness Scale (Version 3): Reliability, Validity, and Factor Structure 2002Emotion regulation: Affective, cognitive, and social consequences 1980The revised UCLA Loneliness Scale: Concurrent and discriminant validity evidence.1998Development and validation of measures of social phobia scrutiny fear and social interaction anxiety11Editor’s note: This article was written before the development of some contemporary measures of social phobia, such as the Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory (Turner et al., 1989). We have invited this article for publication because of the growing interest in the scales described therein. S.T.

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