The planning system in Italy and how it addresses tourism–related issues

Abstract

Country profileItaly is located in the southern part of Europe, and consists of a peninsula extending into the Mediterranean Sea and delimited on its northern side by the Alpine Arch.The country covers a surface of 301,34 km 2 and shares land borders (from the western to the eastern side of the Alpine arch) with France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia.Moreover, the country includes the two enclaved microstates of Vatican City and San Marino.Due to its peninsular character, Italy has a coastline border of almost 8,000 km on four different seas: the Adriatic on the east, the Ionian on the south and the Tyrrhenian and the Ligurian on the west.It features over 800 islands, among which are Sicily and Sardinia, the two largest islands of the Mediterranean.The country is characterised by a variety of landscapes that mirror the relationships between man, nature and cultural values, both tangible and intangible.As such, it vaunts the presence of extraordinary landscapes included in UNESCO World Heritage List, and the Italian landscape is protected by the art.9 of Italian Constitution.More in particular, Italy is the country in the world that includes the higher number of UNESCO sites in the world ( 58), among them featuring 8 cultural landscape sites: the Amalfi Coast, Portovenere, the Cinque Terre and the islands of Palmaria Tino and Tinetto, the National Park of Cilento and the Vallo di Diano (with the archaeological sites of Paestum, Velia and the Certosa di Padula), the Sacred Mountains of Piedmont and Lombardy, the Val d'Orcia, the 12 Villas and 2 Medici Gardens in Tuscany, the Wine-growing Landscapes of Piedmont: Langhe-Roero and Monferrato, and The Prosecco Hills of Conegliano and Valdobbiadene.Over 35% of the country's territory is mountainous, featuring the Alps on the northern boundary and the Apennine mountains that run throughout the peninsula backbone.The rivers are numerous due to the relative abundance of rain

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