INTEGRASI TEOLOGI ISLAM, SUFISME, DAN RASIONALISME HARUN NASUTION

Abstract

This article describes the integration of Islamic theology, Sufism, and rationalism from Harun Nasution's Islamic thought. The more developed human life and way of thinking, the more advanced science and paradigm. Of course, one science and another will be interrelated and related. However, in current developments, scientific developments experience a dichotomy of scientific hegemony. The cause of this observation is to investigate the combination of technological know-how and any other in order that its miles were hoping that it will likely be greater complete, systematic, and comprehensive to observe Harun Nasution's Islamic thought. The study's approach used is a descriptive-analytical technique with bayani (observation/text analysis), irfani (intuitionism), and burhani (rationalism), also, data from articles, books, and various other research results in various literary magazines. The results of the study show that: First, bayani (text observation/analysis) emphasizes the authority of texts/nash (al-Qur'an and Hadith) and is justified by the instinct of concluding (istidlal). Thus, Islamic theology is the authority for textual on the role of reason in confirming matters related to matters of religiosity or human religiosity. Second, irfani (intuitionism; Sufism) emphasizes the knowledge obtained through the irradiation of the essence by God to His servant (kasyf) according to love-based spiritual training (riyadhah). Third, burhani (rationalism) is a means of confirmation of sources originating from texts, social and religious realities or beliefs, as well as intuitive or inner experiences. Thus, the three sources are integrated and have relevant values ​​to the life of modern Indonesian society. Artikel ini menjelaskan tentang integrasi teologi Islam, sufisme, dan rasionalisme dari pemikiran Islam Harun Nasution. Semakin berkembangnya kehidupan dan cara berpikir manusia, maka semakin berkembang pula keilmuan dan paradigmanya. Tentu, antara satu ilmu dengan keilmuan lainnya akan saling berkaitan dan berhubungan. Namun, pada perkembangan saat ini, perkembangan keilmuan justru mengalami dikotomi atau hegemoni keilmuan. Tujuan penelitian ini menganalisis integrasi antara satu keilmuan dengan keilmuan lainnya, supaya diharapkan lebih utuh, sistematis dan komprehensif untuk meneropong pemikiran Islam Harun Nasution. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif-analisis dengan pendekatan bayani (observasi/analisis teks), irfani (intuisisme), dan burhani (rasionalisme), dan data diperoleh menurut aneka macam literatur artikel jurnal, buku, dan aneka macam output penelitian lainnya. Hasil penelitian mengambarkan bahwa: Pertama, bayani (observasi/analisis teks) yang menekankan dalam otoritas teks/nash (al-Qur’an dan hadis) dan dijustifikasi sang insting penarikan kesimpulan (istidlal). Maka, teologi Islam menjadi otoritas keterangan nash terhadap kiprah logika pikiran pada mengkonfirmasi hal-hal yang terkait menggunakan soal-soal keberagamaan atau religiusitas manusia. Kedua, irfani (intuisisme; sufisme) yang menekankan dalam pengetahuan yang diperoleh lewat penyinaran hakikat sang Tuhan pada hamba-Nya (kasyf) sesudah adanya olah ruhani (riyadhah) yang dilakukan atas dasar cinta. Ketiga, burhani (rasionalisme;) sebagai alat konfirmasi atas sumber yang berasal dari nash, realitas sosial dan keagamaan atau keyakinan, serta pengalaman intuitif atau batiniah. Sehingga, ketiga sumber tersebut saling terintegrasi satu sama lainnya, dan mempunyai nilai relevansi dengan kehidupan masyarakat modern Indonesia.

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