HIV research output in African Countries between 1986–2020

Mukhtar Ijaiya · Adebanjo Olowu · Habibat A. Oguntade · Seun Anjorin · Olalekan Abdulrahman Uthman

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scientometrics and bibliometrics research Academic Publishing and Open Access Psychology Research and Bibliometrics

Abstract

HIV literature has grown exponentially since it was named the virus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Bibliometric analysis is a practical approach for quantitatively and qualitatively assessing scientific research. This work aims to describe HIV research output in Africa by country from 1986 until 2020. We conducted a search of the PubMed database in June 2021 for a 35-year period spanning 1986 to 2020. We comparatively weighed for countries' populations, gross domestic product (GDP), and the number of persons living with HIV (PLHIV) by calculating the ratio of the number of publications from each country. We used Poisson regression models to explore the trends in countries' HIV research output over the study period. The Pearson correlation analysis assessed the association between research output, population size, GDP, and the number of PLHIV.A total of 83,527 articles from African countries on HIV indexed in PubMed were included for analysis. Republic of South Africa, Uganda, Kenya, and Nigeria account for 54% of the total indexed publications with 33.2% (26,907); 8.4% (7,045); 7.3% (6,118); and 5.1% (4,254), respectively. Africa's proportion of the world's total HIV publications increased from 5.1% in 1986 to 31.3% in 2020. There was a strong positive and statistically significant correlation between the total indexed HIV publications and countries' GDP (r = 0.59, P<0.01), population (r = 0.58, P<0.01), and the estimated number of PLHIV (r = 0.72, P<0.01). The study found that Africa's contribution to global HIV research output increased over the 35 years, but it remains relatively low compared to the continent's burden of HIV infections. Our findings also revealed major differences in research output across sub-regions in Africa, with the Republic of South Africa having the highest output. The factors associated with HIV research output were economic strength, disease epidemiology, and population size.

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References

2011The impact of research grant funding on scientific productivity 2015Bibliometric indicators: opportunities and limits 2007Comparing test searches in PubMed and Google Scholar 2007Africa’s contribution to the worldwide research literature: New analytical perspectives, trends, and performance indicators 2003Does Federal Research Funding Increase University Research Output?2004Representation of authors and editors from countries with different human development indexes in the leading literature on tropical medicine: survey of current evidence 2005A Bibliometric Analysis of Global Research Production in Respiratory Medicine 2008How to use bibliometric methods in evaluation of scientific research? An example from Finnish schizophrenia research

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