In a meta-analysis of longitudinal analyses of the theory of planned behaviour, we tested a series of extended or auxiliary theory-consistent hypotheses: construct stability, theory predictions within and between occasions, consistency over time or stationarity in theory effects and reciprocal effects among constructs.We also tested the effects of moderators on theory effects: measurement lag, health behaviour type (protection, risk) and specific health behaviours (alcohol, dietary and physical activity).A systematic search identified 87 studies eligible for inclusion.Meta-analytic structural equation models supported construct stability and theory effects within and between occasions.Only the perceived behavioural control-intention effect exhibited stationarity.We found little evidence of reciprocal effects, and theory effects were small after accounting for reciprocal effects.We observed theory-consistent effects for the behaviour-type moderators, but no variation in model effects for the measurement lag moderators.Findings advance knowledge of the correlates of intentional behaviour and associated processes over time.
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