Using Music as a Tool for Distress Reduction During Cancer Chemotherapy Treatment

Felicity W. K. Harper · Tanina Foster Moore · Seongho Kim · Elisabeth I. Heath

62 citations0/0 files storedJCO Oncology Practice

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Music Therapy and Health Cancer survivorship and care Art Therapy and Mental Health

Abstract

PURPOSE Music may be an effective therapeutic tool during cancer treatment to improve patient psychological and physical well-being. Current research shows a positive effect of music on psychological outcomes; however, many of these studies lacked significant sample size and rigor in monitoring type of music used and duration of music use during treatment. METHODS Participants (N = 750) in this open-label, multisite, day-based permuted block randomization study were adult patients receiving outpatient chemotherapy infusion. Patients were randomly assigned to either music (listen to music for up to 60 minutes) or control (no music) conditions. Music patients were allowed to self-select an iPod shuffle programmed with up to 500 minutes of music from a single genre (eg, Motown, 60s, 70s, 80s, classical, and country). Outcomes were self-reported change in pain, positive and negative mood, and distress. RESULTS Patients who listened to self-selected music during infusion showed significant benefit in improved positive mood and reduced negative mood and distress (but not pain) from pre- to post-intervention (all two-sample t-tests P < .05). LASSO penalized linear regression models showed a selective benefit for some patients on the basis of relationship ( P = .032) and employment ( P = .029) status with those who were married or widowed and those on disability showing better outcomes. CONCLUSION Music medicine is a low-touch, low-risk, and cost-effective way to manage patients' psychological well-being in the often stressful context of a cancer infusion clinic. Future research should be directed to understanding what other factors may mitigate negative mood states and pain for certain groups during treatment.

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1983The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale 1988Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales.1988Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales.2017Music therapy for depression 2016Music interventions for improving psychological and physical outcomes in cancer patients 2008Music therapy for depression 2003The Effects of Music Therapy on the Quality and Length of Life of People Diagnosed with Terminal Cancer 2014The impact of music therapy versus music medicine on psychological outcomes and pain in cancer patients: a mixed methods study

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