Reviewgold2023

Adherence of randomised controlled trials using artificial intelligence in ophthalmology to CONSORT-AI guidelines: a systematic review and critical appraisal

Niveditha Pattathil · J Zhao · Olapeju Ajoke Sam-Oyerinde · Tina Felfeli

16 citations0/0 files storedBMJ Health & Care Informatics

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Meta-analysis and systematic reviews Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education Academic Publishing and Open Access

Abstract

PURPOSE: Many efforts have been made to explore the potential of deep learning and artificial intelligence (AI) in disciplines such as medicine, including ophthalmology. This systematic review aims to evaluate the reporting quality of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluate AI technologies applied to ophthalmology. METHODS: A comprehensive search of three relevant databases (EMBASE, Medline, Cochrane) from 1 January 2010 to 5 February 2022 was conducted. The reporting quality of these papers was scored using the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials-Artificial Intelligence (CONSORT-AI) checklist and further risk of bias was assessed using the RoB-2 tool. RESULTS: The initial search yielded 2973 citations from which 5 articles satisfied the inclusion/exclusion criteria. These articles featured AI technologies applied to diabetic retinopathy screening, ophthalmologic education, fungal keratitis detection and paediatric cataract diagnosis. None of the articles reported all items in the CONSORT-AI checklist. The overall mean CONSORT-AI score of the included RCTs was 53% (range 37%-78%). The individual scores of the articles were 37% (19/51), 39% (20), 49% (25), 61% (31) and 78% (40). All articles were scored as being moderate risk, or 'some concerns present', regarding potential risk of bias according to the RoB-2 tool. CONCLUSION: A small number of RCTs have been published to date on the applications of AI in ophthalmology and vision science. Adherence to the 2020 CONSORT-AI reporting guidelines is suboptimal with notable reporting items often missed. Greater adherence will help facilitate reproducibility of AI research which can be a stimulus for more AI-based RCTs and clinical applications in ophthalmology.

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2021The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews 2019RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials 2001The CONSORT statement: revised recommendations for improving the quality of reports of parallel-group randomised trials 2010CONSORT 2010 Statement: Updated Guidelines for Reporting Parallel Group Randomized Trials 1996Improving the quality of reporting of randomized controlled trials. The CONSORT statement 1996Improving the Quality of Reporting of Randomized Controlled Trials 2021Protocol for development of a reporting guideline (TRIPOD-AI) and risk of bias tool (PROBAST-AI) for diagnostic and prognostic prediction model studies based on artificial intelligence 2020Reporting guidelines for clinical trial reports for interventions involving artificial intelligence: the CONSORT-AI Extension

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