Articlegold2023

Assessment of an Epidemic Urgency: Psychometric Evidence for the UCLA Loneliness Scale

Rossella Bottaro · Giusy Danila Valenti · Palmira Faraci

29 citations0/0 files storedPsychology Research and Behavior Management

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Psychometric Methodologies and Testing Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes Health disparities and outcomes

Abstract

Background: In modern industrialized countries, loneliness has been declared an epidemic. The present paper aimed to replicate previous findings about the dimensionality of the UCLA Loneliness Scale-3 version (LS-3) in a sample of Italian adults using Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling (ESEM). Methods: In Study 1, 1676 participants (M age = 31.15; SD = 11.89) completed the LS-3. The three-factor ESEM model was performed to replicate the previous Italian version, and a Confirmatory Factor Analysis compared the three- and ten-item short versions. In Studies 2, 3, and 4, we administered measures of anxiety, depression, stress, internet addiction, self-esteem, and social interaction anxiety to 3513 participants (M age = 30.81; SD = 11.77) to assess the convergent and discriminant validity of LS-3. Results: The ESEM 3-factor model was replicated using a Target rotation (X 2 = 847.597; df = 133; CFI = 0.942; TLI = 0.917; RMSEA = 0.062), whereas the already-known LS-3 short version raised psychometric concerns. Positive relationships with anxiety, depression, stress, internet addiction, and social interaction anxiety, as well as negative association with self-esteem were found. Conclusion: In conclusion, our findings support the use of the LS-3 in the Italian sample and discourage the administration of the current short forms. The implications for research and clinical practice have been discussed. Keywords: loneliness, psychometrics, Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling, UCLA

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1999Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives 1995The need to belong: Desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation.1996UCLA Loneliness Scale (Version 3): Reliability, Validity, and Factor Structure 1998Internet Addiction: The Emergence of a New Clinical Disorder 1980The revised UCLA Loneliness Scale: Concurrent and discriminant validity evidence.1998Development and validation of measures of social phobia scrutiny fear and social interaction anxiety11Editor’s note: This article was written before the development of some contemporary measures of social phobia, such as the Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory (Turner et al., 1989). We have invited this article for publication because of the growing interest in the scales described therein. S.T.1978Developing a Measure of Loneliness 2013Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling: An Integration of the Best Features of Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis

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