Physiology returns to the centre of biology

Abstract

The Neo-Darwinist Modern Synthesis of evolutionary biology mistakenly relied on Crick`s Central Dogma of molecular biology as excluding any control of genome sequences by organisms. The mistake can be unraveled by considering how DNA is replicated. The most important part of that process is open to control by organisms. The reason is that only a small part of the process can be attributed to a mechanism of replication “like a crystal”, as proposed by the Selfish Gene theory. The larger part is attributable to extensive proof-correction by cut and paste enzymes that are coordinated by the living cell. That process reduces the error rate of replication from 1 to 104 nucleotides to 1 in 1010, which is a million-fold increase in accuracy. There is therefore no replicator separate from its vehicle, the living cell. That error rate is under control by organisms. The mechanisms by which Electro-Transcription (ET) coupling is achieved have now been identified. Similar mechanisms must exist for Electro-Gene-engineering (EG) coupling. Such mechanisms change the fundamentals of biology.

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