Motivation

Abstract

Motivation plays a central role in nearly all aspects of behavior in the workplace. Thus, understanding behavior in the workplace necessitates consideration of motivational factors. This chapter reviews the literature on work motivation, with particular emphasis on contemporary research conducted over the past decade. Given their prominence, we organize our review around goal-based theories of motivation, which posit that cognition and behavior are directed towards the accomplishment of desired states and/or avoidance of undesired states. We discuss key theories, processes, and constructs associated with work motivation, including goal setting, goal striving, nonconscious motivational processes, anticipatory constructs such as self-efficacy and expectancy, affect, personality, temporal dynamics, and multiple-goal self-regulation. We close by presenting several suggestions for future research on work motivation.

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