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Factors Predicting Intentions of Adoption and Continued Use of Artificial Intelligence Chatbots for Mental Health: Examining the Role of UTAUT Model, Stigma, Privacy Concerns, and Artificial Intelligence Hesitancy
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Factors Predicting Intentions of Adoption and Continued Use of Artificial Intelligence Chatbots for Mental Health: Examining the Role of UTAUT Model, Stigma, Privacy Concerns, and Artificial Intelligence Hesitancy (2023)Factors Predicting Intentions of Adoption…Prevalence of Depression Symptoms in US Adults Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic (2020)Prevalence of Depression Symp…Chatbots and Conversational Agents in Mental Health: A Review of the Psychiatric Landscape (2019)Chatbots and Conversational A…An overview of the features of chatbots in mental health: A scoping review (2019)An overview of the features o…Delivering Cognitive Behavior Therapy to Young Adults With Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety Using a Fully Automated Conversational Agent (Woebot): A Randomized Controlled Trial (2017)Delivering Cognitive Behavior…Association between mental health-related stigma and active help-seeking: Systematic review and meta-analysis (2017)Association between mental he…Analyzing older users’ home telehealth services acceptance behavior—applying an Extended UTAUT model (2016)Analyzing older users’ home t…Consumer Acceptance and Use of Information Technology: Extending the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology1 (2012)Consumer Acceptance and Use o…Measuring the self-stigma associated with seeking psychological help. (2006)Measuring the self-stigma ass…A Brief Measure for Assessing Generalized Anxiety Disorder (2006)A Brief Measure for Assessing…Young people’s help-seeking for mental health problems (2005)Young people’s help-seeking f…Acceptance and Commitment Therapy: Model, processes and outcomes (2005)Acceptance and Commitment The…The Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (2003)The Patient Health Questionna…Understanding Information Systems Continuance: An Expectation-Confirmation Model1 (2001)Understanding Information Sys…Emotional openness as a predictor of college students' attitudes toward seeking psychological help. (2000)Emotional openness as a predi…Information Privacy: Measuring Individuals’ Concerns About Organizational Practices1 (1996)Information Privacy: Measurin…Comorbid depression and anxiety spectrum disorders (1996)Comorbid depression and anxie…Who Wants to Have an AI Therapist? Acceptance of Using Artificial Intelligence for Mental Health Interventions Among Clinicians, Patients and the General Community (2026)Who Wants to Have an AI Thera…The ChatGPT Effect: Investigating Shifting Discourse Patterns, Sentiment, and Benefit–Challenge Framing in AI Mental Health Support (2025)The ChatGPT Effect: Investiga…Generative artificial intelligence acceptance and artificial intelligence anxiety among university students: the sequential mediating role of attitudes toward artificial intelligence and literacy (2025)Generative artificial intelli…Factors influencing Chinese pre-service teachers’ adoption of generative AI in teaching: an empirical study based on UTAUT2 and PLS-SEM (2025)Factors influencing Chinese p…Examining the Efficacy of Large Language Models for Mitigating Depression and Anxiety Among Chinese Students (2025)Examining the Efficacy of Lar…Determinants of rural middle school students' adoption of AI chatbots for mental health (2025)Determinants of rural middle …Chatbot-delivered mental health support: Attitudes and utilization in a sample of U.S. college students (2025)Chatbot-delivered mental heal…Alter egos alter engagement: perspective-taking can improve disclosure quantity and depth to AI chatbots in promoting mental wellbeing (2025)Alter egos alter engagement: …AI-human interactions in healthcare: exploring users’ post-adoption behaviors of AI mental health chatbots (2025)AI-human interactions in heal…Acceptance of Using Artificial Intelligence and Digital Technology for Mental Health Interventions: The Development and Initial Validation of the UTAUT‐AI‐DMHI (2025)Acceptance of Using Artificia…Understanding older adults’ acceptance of Chatbots in healthcare delivery: an extended UTAUT model (2024)Understanding older adults’ a…Understanding graphic designers’ usage behavior of generative artificial intelligence tools (2024)Understanding graphic designe…State of the Science: Using Digital Mental Health Interventions to Extend the Impact of Psychological Services (2024)State of the Science: Using D…Exploring artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots adoption among research scholars using unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) (2024)Exploring artificial intellig…Empathic Conversational Agent Platform Designs and Their Evaluation in the Context of Mental Health: Systematic Review (2024)Empathic Conversational Agent…DEVELOPMENT OF A VIRTUAL PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSISTANT WITH ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE HEALTHCARE SECTOR (2024)DEVELOPMENT OF A VIRTUAL PSYC…Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error (1981)On the Evaluation of Structural Equation Models (1988)Comparative fit indexes in structural models. 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(2007)Self‐stigma and the “why try” effect: impact on life goals and evidence‐based practices (2009)The Stigma Complex (2015)The theory of planned behavior (1991)Common Method Variance in IS Research: A Comparison of Alternative Approaches and a Reanalysis of Past Research (2006)Technology Acceptance Model 3 and a Research Agenda on Interventions (2008)Diffusion of Innovations 1 (2019)An Inventory for Measuring Depression (1961)Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (1970)Mindfulness: Theoretical Foundations and Evidence for its Salutary Effects (2007)The effect of mindfulness-based therapy on anxiety and depression: A meta-analytic review. (2010)Preliminary Psychometric Properties of the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire–II: A Revised Measure of Psychological Inflexibility and Experiential Avoidance (2011)Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales. (1988)Using thematic analysis in psychology (2006)An Empathy-Driven, Conversational Artificial Intelligence Agent (Wysa) for Digital Mental Well-Being: Real-World Data Evaluation Mixed-Methods Study (2018)Your Robot Therapist Will See You Now: Ethical Implications of Embodied Artificial Intelligence in Psychiatry, Psychology, and Psychotherapy (2019)Factors Associated With Mental Health Outcomes Among Health Care Workers Exposed to Coronavirus Disease 2019 (2020)The psychological impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on college students in China (2020)Increases in depression and anxiety symptoms in adolescents and young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic (2021)Lifestyle and mental health disruptions during COVID-19 (2021)The Economic Burden of Adults with Major Depressive Disorder in the United States (2010 and 2018) (2021)A Theoretical Extension of the Technology Acceptance Model: Four Longitudinal Field Studies (2000)Why Don’t Men Ever Stop to Ask for Directions? 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References

  • 2006A Brief Measure for Assessing Generalized Anxiety Disorder31,695 cited
  • 2012Consumer Acceptance and Use of Information Technology: Extending the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology115,720 cited
  • 2001Understanding Information Systems Continuance: An Expectation-Confirmation Model18,741 cited
  • 2005Acceptance and Commitment Therapy: Model, processes and outcomes6,575 cited
  • 2003The Patient Health Questionnaire-26,337 cited
  • 2017Delivering Cognitive Behavior Therapy to Young Adults With Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety Using a Fully Automated Conversational Agent (Woebot): A Randomized Controlled Trial2,713 cited
  • 1996Information Privacy: Measuring Individuals’ Concerns About Organizational Practices12,266 cited
  • 2020Prevalence of Depression Symptoms in US Adults Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic2,138 cited
  • 2005Young people’s help-seeking for mental health problems1,616 cited
  • 2006Measuring the self-stigma associated with seeking psychological help.1,188 cited
  • 2019Chatbots and Conversational Agents in Mental Health: A Review of the Psychiatric Landscape1,025 cited
  • 2000Emotional openness as a predictor of college students' attitudes toward seeking psychological help.766 cited
  • 2017Association between mental health-related stigma and active help-seeking: Systematic review and meta-analysis714 cited

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1996
Comorbid depression and anxiety spectrum disorders
630 cited
  • 2016Analyzing older users’ home telehealth services acceptance behavior—applying an Extended UTAUT model616 cited
  • 2019An overview of the features of chatbots in mental health: A scoping review602 cited
  • Cited by

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    • 2024Exploring artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots adoption among research scholars using unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT)59 cited
    • 2024Empathic Conversational Agent Platform Designs and Their Evaluation in the Context of Mental Health: Systematic Review58 cited
    • 2025Factors influencing Chinese pre-service teachers’ adoption of generative AI in teaching: an empirical study based on UTAUT2 and PLS-SEM58 cited
    • 2024Understanding older adults’ acceptance of Chatbots in healthcare delivery: an extended UTAUT model44 cited
    • 2025Chatbot-delivered mental health support: Attitudes and utilization in a sample of U.S. college students29 cited
    • 2026Who Wants to Have an AI Therapist? Acceptance of Using Artificial Intelligence for Mental Health Interventions Among Clinicians, Patients and the General Community17 cited
    • 2025Acceptance of Using Artificial Intelligence and Digital Technology for Mental Health Interventions: The Development and Initial Validation of the UTAUT‐AI‐DMHI16 cited
    • 2025AI-human interactions in healthcare: exploring users’ post-adoption behaviors of AI mental health chatbots15 cited
    • 2024DEVELOPMENT OF A VIRTUAL PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSISTANT WITH ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE HEALTHCARE SECTOR9 cited
    • 2025Alter egos alter engagement: perspective-taking can improve disclosure quantity and depth to AI chatbots in promoting mental wellbeing9 cited
    • 2024Understanding graphic designers’ usage behavior of generative artificial intelligence tools9 cited
    • 2025Determinants of rural middle school students' adoption of AI chatbots for mental health8 cited
    • 2025Examining the Efficacy of Large Language Models for Mitigating Depression and Anxiety Among Chinese Students7 cited
    • 2025The ChatGPT Effect: Investigating Shifting Discourse Patterns, Sentiment, and Benefit–Challenge Framing in AI Mental Health Support7 cited