Articlehybrid2023

Public Health Calls for/with AI: An Ethnographic Perspective

Azra Ismail · Divy Thakkar · Neha Madhiwalla · Neha Kumar

32 citations0/0 files storedProceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction

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Ethics and Social Impacts of AI Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education Information Systems Theories and Implementation

Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) based technologies are increasingly being integrated into public sector programs to help with decision-support and effective distribution of constrained resources. The field of Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) has begun to examine how the resultant sociotechnical systems may be designed appropriately when targeting underserved populations. We present an ethnographic study of a large-scale real-world integration of an AI system for resource allocation in a call-based maternal and child health program in India. Our findings uncover complexities around determining who benefits from the intervention, how the human-AI collaboration is managed, when intervention must take place in alignment with various priorities, and why the AI is sought, for what purpose. Our paper offers takeaways for human-centered AI integration in public health, drawing attention to the work done by the AI as actor, the work of configuring the human-AI partnership with multiple diverse stakeholders, and the work of aligning program goals for design and implementation through continual dialogue across stakeholders.

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References

2020Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence: Reliable, Safe & Trustworthy 2019Improving Fairness in Machine Learning Systems 2021A Framework of Potential Sources of Harm Throughout the Machine Learning Life Cycle 2018Fairness and Accountability Design Needs for Algorithmic Support in High-Stakes Public Sector Decision-Making 2020Co-Designing Checklists to Understand Organizational Challenges and Opportunities around Fairness in AI 2013Design-Based Implementation Research: An Emerging Model for Transforming the Relationship of Research and Practice 2019Human-AI Collaboration in Data Science 2020Roles for computing in social change

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