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Abstract Judgment analysis is a term that did not exist in psychology until after World War II. It is closely related to decision analysis, of course, and the two have been confused. In 1971, for example, Slavic and Lichtenstein refused to distinguish be tween the terms judgment and decision and stated forthrightly that they would “use these terms interchangeably.” Later, in a 1977 review, they did not address the distinction at all. But by 1980, Hammond, McClelland, and Mumpower (1980) had become concerned about the ambiguity in the usage of these terms and did address the matter directly. They observed that “the title of R. N. Shepard’s talk at the AMS meetings in 1962 (“Use of judgments in making optimal decisions”) provides a further illustration of the uncertain status of the distinction between these two terms: Could that title have just as well read: ‘Use of decisions in making optimal judgments’?” (p. 56). Hammond et al. went on to say that they would make a distinction between judgment and decision “because we believe that ... the development of a cumulative scientific discipline will best be served by indicating that the work of the researchers may very well be complementary. Specifically, ... we believe that instituting that distinction ... will be useful in identifying the complementary nature of the intended functions of the theories” (p. 57). That conclusion seems to have been justified by later developments.
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