Abstract My aim in this chapter is to uncover a debate about the teaching of practical ethics which, unless I am altogether mistaken, must have been conducted early in the third century BC, between the last generation of the early Platonic Academy and the first generation of the new Stoic school.The focal concept will be that of kathekonta-the ‘duties’, ‘obligations’, or ‘proper functions’ which generation after generation of Stoics so laboriously classified and analysed. A kathekon is the proper thing to do, either exceptionlessly or in certain defined circumstances. In its developed form, the doctrine of kathekonta set out to cover every kind of social, political, economic, and familial relation. Codes of conduct were prescribed for the interaction of relative with relative, young with old, rulers with subjects, buyers with sellers, citizens with foreigners. And every significant area of choice was addressed.
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