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Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the perception of the Korean and American people on international development cooperation, which has different policy goals, means, and policy targets with domestic policies. Originality: In international relations, a new approach is needed according to the diversification of actors such as the state-market-civil society. It is necessary to pay attention to the perception or values of ordinary citizens, which have been relatively neglected in the existing international relations theories. Methodology: This study conducted a survey of 1,500 people in each country to find out the perception of Korean and American people on ODA. It asked which of the three aid goals, realism, idealism, and global communitarianism, was the most desirable goal. First, the difference in perception between the people of the two countries was analyzed through a chi-square test. Second, a multinomial logistic regression analysis was conducted to find out the factors influencing public perception of ODA goals. Result: First, it was found that conservatives are more likely to pursue realistic goals, and progressives are more likely to pursue global communitarianism. Second, people who are more interested in domestic policy are more likely to see that their country's economic and social interests should be pursued for ODA goals. Third, when the household's economic level did not deteriorate due to COVID-19, the probability of considering the socio-economic development of the recipient country as a more important goal increased. Fourth, it can be interpreted that individuallevel variables have a greater impact in emerging donor countries, while policies and politics variables have a more impact on traditional donor countries. Conclusion and Implication: It is necessary to engage people in international development cooperation as important actors to improve the quality of international development cooperation of South Korea, as a global pivotal country.
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