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After the collapse of the USSR, Russia regained its sovereignty and embarked on the path of building a democratic (capitalist) state with a market economy. At the same time, the country's economy to this day (more than 30 years) is characterized as a transitional one, with an unstable national currency and financial system. The article substantiates the role of finance in the geopolitical transformation of the world economy in the context of deepening crisis phenomena, increased competition and contradictions in the global market in connection with the geo-economic redistribution of the world, the strengthening of the Western countries, primarily the United States and Great Britain, of a hybrid war against Russia and the organization of a proxy war through Ukraine. These circumstances lead to the need for the state to move from an ultra-liberal model of economic management to a planned-market, result-oriented, import substitution, economic growth (above the world level) based on the modernization of production. This requires increasing the powers of the state in the management of reproductive processes, sets the task of a deep theoretical understanding of the problems of financial security including in the aspect of transformation of management to unconditionally ensure the sovereignty of the country, its national and economic security. In this regard, it is necessary to restructure the system of state institutions to ensure the formation and implementation of large-scale modernization projects in the medium and long term on a scientific basis; stable economic growth; increasing the competitiveness of Russia, taking into account the growing uncertainty of economic relations between countries; spread of digital technologies. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account the historical world and domestic experience in the development of production processes.
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