Abstract This chapter explores the process of Latinization in the Roman West focusing on two main points: first, the role of Latin and Palaeoeuropean epigraphic sources in understanding this linguistic and cultural change, and, second, its connection during the Principate with the spread of Roman citizenship through the foundation of colonies and the grant of the status of Roman and Latin municipia to western communities. The Latinization of the Roman West in the very Late Republic and the Principate can be linked to the combination of the spread of Roman citizen communities and the growth of the Latin written culture, including Roman epigraphic culture—that is, the development of inscriptions as a social medium, which is a prominent feature of the Roman West during the Principate.
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