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This paper surveys applicatives and related constructions across the Algonquian language family. Most of the languages have multiple affixes that license benefactives, goals, recipients, and other participants as objects, and there are some constructions which license oblique arguments as well. Examples with both an overt O1 and O2 are relatively rare, but the data collected shows that word order in applicative constructions is fairly free, with all possible orderings of verb and object(s) attested. We also consider a number of other forms, including the “relative root” construction, in which a derivational component of the stem licenses an oblique object, concluding that they are syntactic lookalikes rather than true applicatives because there is no corresponding BC. The closely-related relative preverb construction, however, is a true applicative because a corresponding BC can be identified. “Relational verbs” are also addressed; these are valence-neutral morphological lookalike forms found primarily in the Cree language group.
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