Articlehybrid2024

Using craniofacial fluctuating asymmetry to examine the effects of sex, socioeconomic status, and early life experiences on adult age at death in industrial England

10 citations0/0 files storedAmerican Journal of Biological Anthropology

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Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies Morphological variations and asymmetry Paleopathology and ancient diseases

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Historical evidence from 18th- and 19th-century England suggests that industrialization's impacts on health were largely negative, especially among marginalized groups. However, available documentary evidence is often biased toward adult men and rarely sheds light on the experiences of other members of the population, such as women and children. Craniofacial fluctuating asymmetry (FA) can serve as a proxy measurement of developmental instability and stress during development. This study examines the associations among age, sex, socioeconomic status (SES), and FA in skeletal samples from industrial-era England. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sample for this study comes from four industrial-era cemeteries from England (A.D. 1711-1857). Geometric morphometric analyses of three-dimensional landmark coordinate data were used to generate a measure of FA for each individual (Mahalanobis distance). A three-way ANOVA was used to evaluate the impacts of sex, SES, and FA scores on adult age at death (n = 168). RESULTS: Significant associations existed between age at death and SES (p = 0.004) and FA scores (p = 0.094). Comparisons of the estimated means indicated that age at death was consistently higher among high SES individuals and individuals with FA scores less than one standard deviation from the mean. CONCLUSIONS: This study supports findings from previous studies that have suggested that the differences in resource access and environmental buffering generated by socioeconomic inequality can impact longevity and patterns of mortality among socioeconomic status groups. Likewise, stress in early life-evinced by craniofacial fluctuating asymmetry-can influence observed patterns of longevity in adults decades later.

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1994Standards for Data Collection from Human Skeletal Remains 2012The Problem With the Phrase Women and Minorities: Intersectionality—an Important Theoretical Framework for Public Health 2015Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas 2014Incorporating intersectionality theory into population health research methodology: Challenges and the potential to advance health equity 2004“Fundamental Causes” of Social Inequalities in Mortality: A Test of the Theory 2004Childhood Socioeconomic Circumstances and Cause-specific Mortality in Adulthood: Systematic Review and Interpretation 2005Systematic Review of the Influence of Childhood Socioeconomic Circumstances on Risk for Cardiovascular Disease in Adulthood 2015Editorial

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