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Introduction: Ageism is a social construction of old age which the WHO defines as stereotyping, prejudice and discrimination directed against others or oneself on the basis of age. Objective: To research national and international scientific production on the factors associated with ageism. Method: An integrative literature review was carried out in the LILACS, SciELO and PUBMED databases, using the descriptors: Ageism, Prejudice and Elderly, in Portuguese, English and Spanish, published in the last 10 years. A total of 297 articles were found and, after reading the title and/or abstract, 09 articles were selected for the study. Results and discussion: Factors associated with ageism include: age, gender, level of education, fear of death, personality, contact with the elderly, knowledge about ageing, life expectancy and the population's health conditions. Conclusion: Ageism needs to be combated, and the world needs to be adapted to all ages by including or strengthening policies and laws against all forms of prejudice, and by including school and educational guidelines in order to solve this problem.
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