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Abstract In 2022, the Indonesian Parliament passed the historical new capital city bill, commencing the relocation of the country’s capital from Jakarta to Nusantara in Kalimantan Timur. This relocation has been predicted to impact the surrounding areas by, for instance, triggering (peri-)urbanization. This research aimed to analyze the locations and roles of peri-urban areas and discuss the processes that drive their emergence and development in the context of the New Urban Agenda. For this purpose, potential peri-urban areas were determined by examining three spatial elements: the development level, accessibility, and position of a village (administrative unit) relative to the capital. Supporting primary data were acquired through a field survey, and secondary data were obtained from the Village Potential Statistics (PODES) from BPS-Statistics Indonesia. Results show that the identified potential peri-urban areas had the following characteristics: (1) situated within the new capital’s development zone, (2) directly adjacent to the capital, (3) having a high level of development and adequate access to the capital, and (4) currently parts of the peri-urban areas of Samarinda and Balikpapan Cities. According to the New Urban Agenda, peri-urban areas can help provide open green space to support rural-urban linkage and perform the new capital’s ecological functions.
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