Women's economic empowerment and COVID-19 pandemic: A study on women entrepreneurs in Bangladesh

Nasir Md. Uddin · Proma Barua

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Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics Microfinance and Financial Inclusion

Abstract

This paper aims to explore the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on women's economic empowerment in Bangladesh. Based on the available literature, this paper develops a holistic framework for economic empowerment and measures how COVID-19 pandemic has contributed to changes in the framework. The study adopts a quantitative research method to address the research question; of whether and to what extent women entrepreneurs were economically empowered by their businesses during COVID-19 pandemic. The empirical data was collected from 52 Bangladeshi women entrepreneurs via telephone interviews and online surveys using a structured questionnaire in February–March 2022, and respondents were chosen randomly from various online social groups and pages. The findings suggest that women entrepreneurs have contributed to family spending, resource allocation , and decision-making. However, their role has diminished significantly in asset ownership during the pandemic. In addition, women's attitudes toward violence, social stigma, and education have shifted dramatically. Furthermore, women entrepreneurs face several challenges, including a lack of government support, limited availability of credit, a lack of entrepreneurial education , and an increased responsibility in the family. Although numerous research studies have demonstrated how COVID-19 pandemic affected women during the pandemic, the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on economic empowerment through gender lenses has frequently been disregarded in Bangladesh context. This study bridges that gap, particularly in developing economies context and the framework constructed in this study is instrumental for understanding the dynamics of economic empowerment that can be applied in future research.

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1999Resources, Agency, Achievements: Reflections on the Measurement of Women's Empowerment 2012Women Empowerment and Economic Development 2001Conflicts Over Credit: Re-Evaluating the Empowerment Potential of Loans to Women in Rural Bangladesh 2011Measurement of Women’s Empowerment in Rural Bangladesh 2020Revising entrepreneurial action in response to exogenous shocks: Considering the COVID-19 pandemic 2021Learning experiences of women entrepreneurs amidst COVID-19 2003Actually how Empowering is Microcredit?2022Women’s Entrepreneurial Contribution to Family Income: Innovative Technologies Promote Females’ Entrepreneurship Amid COVID-19 Crisis

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