Health Coaching Impacts Stage-Specific Transitions in Multiple Health Behaviors for Patients at High Risk for Coronary Heart Disease and Type 2 Diabetes

Qing Yang · Allison Amend Vorderstrasse · Ruth Q. Wolever

1 citations0/0 files storedThe Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing

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Behavioral Health and Interventions Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes Diabetes Management and Education

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Multiple behavior change interventions have gained traction in the behavioral health space. Yet, previous studies on health coaching (HC) focused on testing its effect on stages of change for individual health behaviors. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of HC on stages of change across multiple health behavior domains among patients at high risk of coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes. METHODS: This secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial included 200 primary care patients (mean age of 47.7 years, 49.0% women, 60.5% Whites) who completed transtheoretical model-based questionnaires related to weight reduction, exercise, healthier eating, and stress management. Multigroup latent transition analysis was used to compare the stage of change distributions and transitions over time between HC and controls at baseline, midpoint of the intervention (3 months), and postintervention (6 months). RESULTS: Three distinct categories of behavior change were identified ("Contemplation," "Preparation to Action," and "Action"), and membership in these categories changed over time as a function of intervention exposure. Both groups exhibited positive transitions through stages of change from baseline to 3 months. Pronounced intervention effects emerged from 3 to 6 months, revealing larger differences in transition probabilities between the groups. In particular, HC increased patients' likelihood of transitioning from "Contemplation" to both "Preparation for Action" and "Action," as well as from "Preparation for Action" to "Action." The control group remained stagnant during the same period. CONCLUSIONS: Although HC produces changes across multiple behavioral domains, it was most effective for patients who were reluctant or ambivalent about changing their behaviors.

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1997The Transtheoretical Model of Health Behavior Change 2009Latent Class and Latent Transition Analysis: With Applications in the Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences 2010Systems of psychotherapy a transtheoretical analysis 2008Multiple health behavior change research: An introduction and overview 2013A Systematic Review of the Literature on Health and Wellness Coaching: Defining a Key Behavioral Intervention in Healthcare 2014A Latent Transition Mixture Model Using the Three-Step Specification 2022Ten frequently asked questions about latent transition analysis.2010Health Coaching to Improve Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors: An Integrative Review

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