Development of an experimental model for assessment of palatal tissue decomposition by intraoral scanner

Sándor Mikó · Arvin Shahbazi · Dalma Pellei · Botond Simon · János Vág

6 citations0/0 files storedForensic Science International

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Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies 3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage Dental Radiography and Imaging

Abstract

Intraoral scanning of the palate is considered reliable for human identification; however, its accuracy on postmortem tissue remains dubious. This study aimed to investigate the effect of tissue decomposition on the precision of the intraoral scanner and the deviation of the scan. Ten fresh lamb (Ovies aries) maxillae were either unwashed or washed, selected, and stored at 20.5 °C and 80 % humidity for 20 days. Each palate was scanned three times a day with an Emerald S intraoral scanner. The anterior rugae area was cropped for analysis. The three scans of each day for each lamb were digitally aligned using the iterative closest point algorithm to ensure precision. The day one mesh was compared to each subsequent day to assess the postmortem scan deterioration, and a quadratic curve was fitted to the data. The mesh from different lambs was compared on day one to calculate the differences between the lambs. The length, location, and value of the largest curvatures of five randomly chosen rugae on each specimen were determined. A supervised machine learning procedure using linear discriminant classification assessed the specificity and sensitivity of singular ruga discrimination. Precision was significantly lower (p < 0.001) in the unwashed group (0.025 mm) compared to the washed group (0.013 mm), but the postmortem days had no effect. The deviation curve for the unwashed samples had a significantly higher quadratic term (p < 0.05) compared to the washed sample, indicating a slightly greater deterioration after day 11. The least difference between lambs was 0.484 mm. The deterioration curves crossed the minimum value on day 6 in both groups. The sensitivity of rugae detection was 0.89 on day one and decreased to 0.69 on day 20; the specificity ranged from 0.59 to 0.66. Intraoral scanning is an accurate approach for postmortem palatal imaging. Superimposition of the anterior palatal scan can accurately distinguish between lambs for up to six days. Nevertheless, deteriorated rugae can still be distinguished with moderate accuracy for up to 20 days.

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References

2001A look at forensic dentistry – Part 1: The role of teeth in the determination of human identity 2006Establishing identity using cheiloscopy and palatoscopy 2019Forensic odontology in DVI: current practice and recent advances 2007Importance of dental records for victim identification following the Indian Ocean tsunami disaster in Thailand 2005Analysis of rugae in burn victims and cadavers to simulate rugae identification in cases of incineration and decomposition.2021Role of forensic odontology and anthropology in the identification of human remains 20153D evaluation of palatal rugae for human identification using digital study models 2017Application of 3D models of palatal rugae to personal identification: hints at identification from 3D-3D superimposition techniques

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