Do MMPI-3 Validity Scale Findings Generalize to Concurrently Administered Measures? Validation with a Forensic Disability Sample

K. Holmes · Megan R. Whitman · Roger O. Gervais · Yossef S. Ben‐Porath

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Psychological Testing and Assessment Psychometric Methodologies and Testing Deception detection and forensic psychology

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Research has demonstrated that over-reporting and under-reporting, when detected by the MMPI-2/-RF Validity Scales, generalize to responses to other self-report measures. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the same is true for the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-3 (MMPI-3) Validity Scales. We examined the generalizability of over-reporting and under-reporting detected by MMPI-3 Validity Scales to extra-test self-report, performance-based, and performance validity measures. METHOD: The sample included 665 majority White, male disability claimants who, in addition to the MMPI-3, were administered several self-report measures, some with embedded symptom validity tests (SVTs), performance-based measures, and performance validity tests (PVTs). Three groups were identified based on MMPI-3 Validity Scale scores as over-reporting (n = 276), under-reporting (n = 100), or scoring within normal limits (WNL; n = 289). RESULTS: Over-reporting on the MMPI-3 generalized to symptom over-reporting on concurrently administered self-report measures of psychopathology and was associated with evidence of over-reporting from other embedded SVTs. It was also associated with poorer performance on concurrently administered measures of cognitive functioning and PVTs. Under-reporting on the MMPI-3 generalized to symptom minimization on collateral measures of psychopathology. On measures of cognitive functioning, we found no differences between the under-reporting and WNL groups, except for the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test-64 Card Version and Wide Range Achievement Test-Fifth Edition (each with negligible effect sizes). CONCLUSIONS: MMPI-3 Validity Scales can identify possible over- and under-reporting on concurrently administered measures. This can be of particular value when such measures lack validity indicators.

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