Reviewhybrid2024

Exploring Chatbot contributions to enhancing vaccine literacy and uptake: A scoping review of the literature

Claudia Cosma · Alessio Radi · Rachele Cattano · Patrizio Zanobini · Guglielmo Bonaccorsi · Chiara Lorini +1 more

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Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education Mobile Health and mHealth Applications

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The increasing integration of chatbots across various sectors marks a significant shift in digital communication, and their role in healthcare makes no exception. This scoping review aims to systematically examine the role of chatbots in the perspective of organizational vaccine literacy, particularly in enhancing vaccine literacy and facilitating the dissemination of vaccine-related information, evaluating the potential of chatbots to transform vaccination communication strategies and improve health education outcomes. METHODS: This scoping review adhered to the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and the PRISMA-ScR checklist. A systematic search of MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and PsycInfo was conducted from January 2020 to October 30, 2024, using keywords related to "chatbots" and "vaccination." Study selection involved a two-stage screening process, focusing on studies reporting the use of chatbots to improve vaccine literacy and uptake. Data were thematically analyzed and presented in a narrative format. RESULTS: Twenty-two studies were included in the review: these studies demonstrate the effectiveness of chatbots in enhancing vaccine literacy and acceptance, mainly focusing on COVID-19 but also addressing HPV and childhood vaccinations. They highlight chatbots' role in improving the vaccine-literate environment through countering misinformation and improving communication with healthcare professionals, showcasing their potential to significantly influence public health outcomes and their adaptability to diverse populations and geographic regions. CONCLUSIONS: These digital assistants could provide personalized and up-to-date information, improving not only knowledge but also attitudes and intentions towards vaccinations.

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References

2018PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and Explanation 2018Systematic review or scoping review? Guidance for authors when choosing between a systematic or scoping review approach 2020Updated methodological guidance for the conduct of scoping reviews 2023ChatGPT and the rise of large language models: the new AI-driven infodemic threat in public health 2022Misinformation of COVID-19 vaccines and vaccine hesitancy 2022COVID-19 in Europe: new challenges for addressing vaccine hesitancy 2021Information delivered by a chatbot has a positive impact on COVID-19 vaccines attitudes and intentions.2022Impact of Routine Childhood Immunization in Reducing Vaccine-Preventable Diseases in the United States

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