From diversity to sustainability: How board meeting frequency, financial performance and foreign members enhance the board gender diversity – ESG performance link

Mustafa Özgün Atalay · Meltem Altın · Mawih Kareem Al Ani

21 citations0/0 files storedBorsa Istanbul Review

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Gender Diversity and Inequality Corporate Finance and Governance Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting

Abstract

This study examines the impact of board gender diversity (BGD) on Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) performance, with a focus on the moderating roles of financial performance (Return on Assets), board meeting frequency (BMF), and foreign board members (FBM). Panel regression analysis on 41 Turkish firms listed on Borsa Istanbul (BIST100) from 2016 to 2023 reveals a positive relationship between BGD and ESG performance. This relationship is stronger in firms with higher ROA, increased BMF, and a greater proportion of FBM. The findings suggest that diverse and internationally represented boards, combined with robust financial performance and active engagement, are key drivers of sustainable practices in emerging markets. These insights offer practical guidance for policymakers and firms, advocating for board reforms that support diversity, financial health, and proactive governance to enhance ESG performance.

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References

2003Boards of Directors and Firm Performance: Integrating Agency and Resource Dependence Perspectives 2009Resource Dependence Theory: A Review 2021Firms and social responsibility: A review of ESG and CSR research in corporate finance 1999Board meeting frequency and firm performance 2005The impact of culture and governance on corporate social reporting 2000The Resource Dependence Role of Corporate Directors: Strategic Adaptation of Board Composition in Response to Environmental Change 2017ESG performance and firm value: The moderating role of disclosure 2013Do women directors improve firm performance in China?

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