Integration of timetabling to coordinate overlapping lines and vehicle scheduling with interlining

Abstract

This work introduces a novel optimisation problem that integrates the timetabling to coordinate overlapping lines and vehicle scheduling with interlining in the bus transportation system. Our study presents a novel bi-objective mathematical formulation aiming to enhance service regularity for overlapping lines by minimising the total deviation of headways with respect to the joint headway at coordination stops while simultaneously minimising the fleet size. To solve this bi-objective model, we propose an ε-constraint algorithm and a Hierarchical Non-Dominated Sorting Biased Random-Key Genetic Algorithm capable of finding Pareto optimal solutions to analyse the trade-off between optimising the level of service and operational costs.

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