German Validation of the Approach-Avoidance Temperament Questionnaire

Abstract

Abstract: Approach and avoidance temperaments are fundamental dimensions in understanding motivation and personality, with approach temperament being associated with positive stimuli and extraversion, whereas avoidance temperament relates to negative stimuli and neuroticism. The present study provides a comprehensive psychometric validation of the German version of the Approach-Avoidance Temperament Questionnaire (ATQ), originally developed by Elliot and Thrash (2010) . We evaluated the internal consistency, factorial structure, and validity of the German ATQ across three independent samples ( N = 852, N = 240, N = 912). Results confirmed internal consistency and metric measurement invariance for approach and avoidance temperament. The two-factor structure of approach and avoidance temperament, as conceptualized by Elliot and Thrash, was replicated and extended through structural equation modeling. Our analyses suggest that the German ATQ is a valid and reliable tool, suitable for cross-cultural research on personality and motivation.

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