Developmental disability in the Pacific: a potential tool to assess student cognitive development in Kiribati

Abstract

Objectives Accurate disability identification is crucial for inclusive education and tailored interventions. This study examines challenges in disability assessment in Pacific nations, focusing on ways is the Goodenough Draw a Person (GDAP) tool useful to better inform the learning profile of children identified with indicators of developmental disability in Kiribati. While not advocating for medical diagnoses as prerequisites for quality education, it highlights the need for reliable data in developing effective individual education plans.Methods This study evaluated the applicability of a quantitative instrument, the GDAP as an identification tool for intellectual maturity, a key indicator of developmental disabilities, for use in Kiribati. Thirty-nine Kiribati educators assessed its suitability, and 55 students with autism characteristics completed drawings for scoring.Results The GDAP was able to significantly differentiate students with developmental disabilities in Kiribati. The study also supports GDAP’s effectiveness as a low-cost, accessible tool requiring however, specific and contextualised teacher training for use in Kiribati.Conclusions Findings suggest that despite cultural considerations, GDAP is a practical screening tool supporting inclusive education.

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