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Potential risks from hazardous materials spills can be reduced by restricting shipments to designated safe routes. Several criteria can be used for designating safe truck routes with widely varying results. Three distinctive routing strategies for the road transportation of hazardous materials are discussed: minimum risk, minimum accident likelihood, and minimum truck operating costs. Each routing strategy is applied to the Toronto road network, on the basis of 1981 truck accident profiles. Recommended safe routes are analyzed for cost-effectiveness for a wide range of environmental conditions. Two important aspects emerge from this cost-effectiveness analysis: (a) the minimum risk routing strategy produces net economic gains in the form of enhanced safety, and (b) significant trade-offs occur between truck operating costs and safety benefits. These trade-offs are of fundamental concern to the implementation of this type of safety enhancement strategy for the transportation of hazardous materials.
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