Reaching Out, Crying Wolf, or Feigning Fine : Identifying Over- and Under-Reporting of Psychological Symptoms on the MMPI-2 in a Military Population

Abstract

Research with military service members and veterans has shown military personnel from World War 2, the Vietnam era, and the Gulf War era to regularly elevate above clinical cutoffs on the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, 2 nd edition (MMPI-2) validity scales (DeViva & Bloem, 2003;Freeman, Powell, & Kimbrell, 2008;Mittenberg, Patton, Canyock, & Condit, 2002; Smith & Frueh; 1996).The current study examines the MMPI-2 validity profiles of Global War on Terrorism era (GWOT-era) military service members at Landstuhl Regional Medical Center (LRMC), Germany.GWOT-era service members are expected to have responses consistent with those found in previous research, that is, elevated beyond clinical cutoffs more dramatically and more frequently than the normative population.The impact of the military culture as well as the importance of identifying underreporting patterns of psychological symptoms will be discussed.The present study is a systematic replicationof past research with the change that it focuses on GWOT-era service members, includes the dimension of under-reporting, and discusses the applicability of normative clinical cutoffs in the military population.

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