Fingerprints: Analysis and Understanding

Abstract

I. Fingerprint Analysis The History of Fingerprints Outline of the History of Fingerprints Early Nonsystematic Methods of Identification Study Questions Systematic Methods of Identification Bertillonage Fingerprints Definitions Associated with Fingerprints Fingerprint Patterns and Ridge Characteristics More Fingerprint Definitions Study Questions Fingerprint Pattern Types and AssociatedTerminology Loop Pattern Loop Ridge Counting Radial and Ulnar Loops Other Issues Pertaining to Loops Plain Arch and Tented Arch Patterns The Plain Arch The Tented Arch The Whorl Pattern Plain Whorl Central Pocket Loop Whorl Double Loop Whorl Accidental Whorl Ridge Tracing and Counting Whorl Patterns The Palm Print Study Questions Classification: Henry with FBI Extension, NCIC, and IAFIS Henry With FBI Extension Ridge Count Conversion Conversion Chart for Ridge Counts Referencing Filing Sequence NCIC Classification System IAFIS Other Fingerprint Systems (Manual Methods or Systems) Study Questions II. Development, Identification, and Presentation of Fingerprints Known/Direct/Inked Fingerprints Unknown/ Latent Fingerprints Known Fingerprints Manual Method Live Scan Unknown Fingerprints (Commonly Referred to as Latent Prints) Conditions Affecting Latent Prints The Crime Scene Search and Fingerprint Development Fingerprint Development Techniques (see Appendix A) Powder Techniques Chemical Techniques Procedure After Developing Prints Fingerprint Comparison and Identification Study Questions Court Presentation Preparation Court Presentation Verbal Nonverbal Review Challenges to the Science of Fingerprints Study Questions Appendix A Appendix B Bibliography Index

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